COMET is an innovative energy system model created by Frontier. We used this model as part of a study for Eurogas, assessing the role of gas in Europe’s transition to net zero.
Analysing the energy transition for Eurogas
The EU has committed to reaching carbon neutrality by 2050. But its strategy involves a degree of risk, relying on ambitious levels of energy efficiency improvement, electrification, and renewable electricity build-out.
Eurogas, which represents the European gas industry, commissioned Frontier to produce an evidence-based study. We assessed the role of renewable and low-carbon gases in ensuring a more secure and affordable energy transition.
COMET: our advanced energy modelling tool
To perform our analysis, we used our energy system model COMET: the Cross-Sector Optimisation Model for the Energy Transition.
COMET is an advanced linear optimisation model that optimises the supply of electricity, gases (methane and hydrogen) and other energy carriers. It chooses between different ways of serving energy demand to define the cost-optimal pathway to a decarbonised economy.
The tool is neutral towards technologies and fuels. This creates a level playing field for all available combinations that could be used to reach a given target – like the EU’s 2050 goal.
COMET’s capabilities include:
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Electricity supply: Optimising both the investment and dispatch of electricity generation technologies, including renewables, power plants and storage.
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Hydrogen production: Optimising the domestic production of blue hydrogen and power-to-hydrogen in compliance with regulations.
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Energy trade and supply: Evaluating the best mix of imported and domestic energy.
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Gas supply and integration of renewables: Optimising the mix of gases used to meet final demand and to integrate renewable electricity into the system.
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Final demand: Presenting a granular representation of final demand, differentiating between 30 sectors, and supporting sector-specific demand-side management.
What we found: gases will play a vital role
Our study shows that gases have a vital role to play in a cost-efficient and secure transition to net zero.
Our analysis indicated that a complementary mix of all technologies – renewable electricity, low-carbon gases, and carbon capture – will be optimal for minimising costs and making energy more affordable. Crucially, this diversity of supply will also ensure resilience in the energy system, meaning a more secure transition to net zero.
To find out more about COMET and our study for Eurogas, contact Stefan Lorenczik (stefan.lorenczik@frontier-economics.com).
Authors
For over 15 years David has been advising corporate clients and associations in the energy and mobility industry as well as regulatory and governmental authorities across Europe.
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Patrick is a Manager in Frontier’s Cologne office with more than 10 years of experience advising leading companies and regulators in the European energy sector.
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Stefan combines advanced energy system modelling with in-depth market expertise to tackle the complex challenges of today's energy sector.
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