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The Court of Appeal has rejected Royal Mail’s appeal against the CAT's decision to uphold Ofcom’s finding that Royal Mail abused its dominant position in the wholesale market for bulk mail delivery services by issuing CCNs which introduced prices that would discriminate against competitors.

Gradually increasing the proportion of e-fuels in petrol and diesel will lead to only a minor impact on the price of the fuel mix. Our analysis shows that the expected price changes of a fuel mix with a gradually increasing share of e-fuels over time are small.

New research shows the various ways in which local authorities (LAs) in England supported childcare providers and families throughout the COVID-19 pandemic.

Frontier Economics’ Amsterdam office delivers economic expertise in competition, regulation and public policy for clients across the Netherlands and Europe.

In recent years, regulators have intensified their scrutiny of the practices of digital platforms, (e.g. the GAMMANs – Google, Amazon, Meta, Microsoft, Apple, and Netflix). New laws, such as the UK's Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act (DMCCA) and the EU's Digital Markets Act (DMA), have given authorities additional powers to address potential anti-competitive behaviours.